Q. I am seeing a lot of posts on social media about vagal nerve stimulation to calm a dog’s anxiety. What is it and does it work?
A.
Yes, there is a lot of talk on the internet about vagal stimulation to calm anxiety. Most of these are ads. Let’s start with what is the vagal nerve and its function in the body. It is one of the largest nerves in the body that travels from inside the brain down the neck, then into the chest and abdomen. It is part of the autonomic nervous system which has 2 parts. The vagus nerve is part of the parasympathetic system. It is involved in regulating important bodily functions, such as breathing, heart rate, digestion, and immune responses. Another part of its function is controlling mood, emotions, and social behavior.
The role of the vagus nerve in controlling mood, emotions, and social behavior is what we are going to discuss. Research has shown promising results as a treatment modality in reducing symptoms of anxiety in people. Some of the techniques used in human therapy have been applied to animals. Other treatments have been used in dog training for decades. Most of these techniques are known to reduce the dog’s stress and promote general well-being including boosting the immune system.
A lot of what we are seeing on the internet are consumer-grade Vagal Nerve Stimulation (VNS) devices. For dogs there is no peer-reviewed scientific evidence at this time which says these devices work. Some of the ads are a package of techniques put together by trainers.
When talking about VNS, it is described as resetting the dog’s vagus nerve. There isn’t a quick fix or a single method to instantly reset Fido. That said, you can support and naturally stimulate the vagus nerve through various activities and techniques that promote relaxation and well-being. These approaches can help improve a dog's overall nervous system function and reduce anxiety.
To support your dog’s vagus nerve and promote calmness and reduced stress try these techniques. Sniff walks allow your dog to explore and engage its sense of smell during walks. Sniffing can be calming and stimulating for the nervous system and the immune system. Consistent daily routines provide a sense of security and can help reduce anxiety. Gentle touch and massage can be soothing. Focus on areas like the chest and back, avoiding the head and neck if your dog is sensitive. “TTouch”, a technique developed years ago, is a good reference. There are books and videos illustrating how to do this technique. Ensure your dog has adequate time to rest and decompress after periods of excitement or activity. It takes time after a weekend of company or competition for your dog to emotionally and internally calm down. Research in Europe involving agility dogs showed they needed several days of low stress to recover and maintain good health. Use positive reinforcement training methods to build confidence and reduce fear-based reactions. Provide a comfortable and secure space where your dog can retreat when feeling overwhelmed.
To stimulate the vagus nerve directly, specific massage techniques and acupressure points can help stimulate the vagus nerve. Exposure to calming sounds like classical music and nature sounds can have a positive impact on the nervous system. Applying a cold compress to the neck and chest can stimulate the vagus nerve. Encourage slow, deep breaths, or practice deep breathing exercises with your dog. You can do this with snuffle mats.
Supporting gut health with a balanced diet of quality ingredients can positively impact the gut-brain axis, which is closely linked to the vagus nerve. Consider adding probiotics to your dog’s diet to support healthy gut bacteria. Use a species specific probiotic for the best results.
Remember to consult your veterinarian or a certified trainer if your dog is suffering from fear and anxiety. You want to rule out any medical issues that could be playing a role in your pup’s mental wellbeing.
Judith K. Herman, DVM, CVH
Animal Wellness Center
Augusta, Maine
www.mainehomeopahticvet.com